Tactile and Digital Narratives for a Sensitive Fruition of Bas-Relief Artworks

This paper investigates how digital technologies can support inclusive and multisensory museum narratives through the case of Donatello’s pulpit in Prato. Triggered by the temporary loan of two original relief panels to international exhibitions, the project developed a hybrid strategy combining digital documentation, tactile replicas, and augmented reality experiences to compensate for their absence and enrich visitor engagement. The research employed integrated image-based and range-based survey methods, including photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning, and structured-light scanning, to generate accurate 3D databases of the original parapet and its external copy. These datasets were used to produce orthophotos, high-resolution visual reproductions, and full-scale 3D printed tactile panels that visitors could touch and explore. Additional AR applications allowed users to visualize the missing reliefs in color and place digital models in external environments through mobile devices. The study demonstrates how digital replicas can become interpretative tools rather than mere copies, improving accessibility, participation, and heritage education while preserving the authenticity of the original artwork.